Experienced an avalanche
Among the dangers encountered in high mountain adventures, the damage caused by avalanches is the most frequent and tragic, and often results in “all annihilation.†The people killed in the avalanche account for 1/2-1/3 of all the deaths in the mountains. As soon as the avalanche is mentioned, my living figure will appear in front of my eyes in the 1989 Meili Snow Mountain Sino-Japanese joint mountaineering team. At the time, they visited Peking University when I was passing through Beijing. I admired the fact that they dared to challenge Meili Snow Mountain. I was deeply impressed by the members and coaches of Kyoto University and the Sino-Japanese team. However, there was a time when the bad news came and I almost stayed... and their 17 people were also destroyed by the avalanche. No one had time to send a danger signal or a distress signal to the camp with the carrying telephone. Afterwards, I heard that the camp they set up was too close to the avalanche route and that it was even possible to set up an avalanche route.
I have also experienced the threat of white death. In May 1957, the China Federation of Trade Unions climbed the Gongga Mountain in western Sichuan. As a new team member, I participated in the assault team at the same time as Ding Xingyou, a teacher of Peking University’s Geophysics Department, and Ma Wenxuan, a faculty of Peking University Geological and Geological Department. When we climbed from the bottom of the 4,400-meter steep cliff to the 6,000-meter-high camel's back, we suddenly encountered an avalanche. Thirteen people from the entire team were beaten down from about 5,000 meters. When they climbed upwards, they walked for three hours in full. It was only a dozen seconds when they were hit by an avalanche. I was in the same group with Ding Xingyou. I was the second and he was the third. When we were beaten down by an avalanche, the rope between the two of us broke and the rope was tested to withstand a pull of 1,200 kilograms.
When I was rolled up by an avalanche and fell, I was very clear-headed and I thought in my head that "I'm done now." My body floated up and down several times, and finally stopped at the middle slope of the ice hole. Just as the head is on, the foot is on the ground, but the body is buried deep and cannot move. The remaining snow fell still on my head and almost covered my head. I tried to side by side and kept rolling my hands on the falling snow. When the avalanche stopped, my head was fortunately still out. As I was struggling, I heard the help of a "help" from near the snow. I pulled the knot rope in front and pulled it, knowing that the leader had been buried under the snow and pulling the knot rope behind him and found that it was broken. I know that there is someone waiting for me to help... When we are glad that we finally climbed out of the cave and got out of danger, the news of Ding Xingyou’s death was heard. It was really a drop of ice...
Fortunately, the accidental avalanche was a dry avalanche. Dry avalanches and powder avalanches pose a relatively deadly threat to explorers. In addition, the location of the avalanche of the explorer is different and the danger is also different. The avalanche that the author encountered was in the area where the avalanche was passed. At the time, our group was clearing ahead and bear the brunt. The other groups were slightly further away from the avalanche body, so the team was not brought to the accumulation area by the avalanche, so there was no "all annihilation." Before we set out, we had a heavy snowfall at the 4,000-meter camp for 3 consecutive days. On the 4th day after the snow stopped, we set off. We were afraid of losing the good weather after snow and the timing of the summit. Later facts proved that this was a mistake, so we encountered an avalanche and paid the price.
On that trip, we also encountered a block avalanche, a wet avalanche. Wet avalanches usually occur a few days after a rainstorm. As the surface snow melts, it seeps into the lower snow and refreezes, forming a "wet snow layer." I remember that when it passed by our team, it was blocky and slow, and it grew bigger and bigger like an ink stain on the snow slope. This avalanche formation area is usually on a gentle slope. Because the powder snow on the steep slope is almost finished, the relative gentle slope will come and an avalanche will occur. At the time, we saw that they were sliding down and rubbing them around. It was really shudder. Because once you get involved in a blocky avalanche, you won't be as lucky as the powder avalanche we encountered.
Mentioned earlier in the 1989 snowstorm in Meili Snow Mountain, it was estimated that the camp was close to the accumulation area, or it might be located in an avalanche accumulation area. Because Meili Snow Mountain is very steep, it is difficult to find a flat place to accommodate a larger team. In addition, the avalanche accumulation area is often misleading because it can be the only flat area in a fairly large area.
Awareness of avalanches
An avalanche is a snow-and-snow migration process in all the snow-capped mountains. They constantly use gravity to descend from the height of the mountain and down the hill. The speed of collapse can reach 20-30 m/s and the volume can be several hundred cubic meters. Thousands of cubic meters or even more. An avalanche moves down from a height with a great potential energy, such as falling or falling down from a height of 6,000 meters, so that there is even a layer of air cushion at an extremely fast pace. If you are fortunate enough to fall underneath it, when it has "floated" or "flyed" over you, you may be left in place without being beaten by it. Of course, there will be strong air waves at the front end due to the rapid impact. Therefore, sometimes the avalanche itself does not arrive and the air waves have already rushed all the obstacles on the way forward.
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