Thraustochytrids are lower fungi that grow in large amounts of Na +. Na + is involved in cell osmotic regulation and cell metabolism. Osmotic adjustment is accomplished by absorbing inorganic ions from the environment or changing the concentration of soluble substances in the cytoplasm. Osmotic adjustment through the plasma membrane is very important in the transport process. However, it is not clear how to regulate osmosis through the plasma membrane in marine protists.
Australian scientist Shabala et al. Used non-invasive micro-measurement techniques to reveal the ionic mechanism of osmotic regulation of marine protozoan thraustochytrids. It was found that hypotonicity caused significant outflow of Na +, Cl- and K + of Thraustochytrium, and osmotic adjustment was completed within 30 min of the initial stress. For this bacterium, Na + is the main contributor, and more than half of the osmotic adjustment, Cl- is the second contributor. The role of K + in osmotic adjustment is relatively small. The changes in Ca2 + and H + flow rates are mainly due to intracellular signal transduction. The ion flow data was sorted out through the growth experiment. Even when grown in an environment without Na +, as long as the proper osmotic potential is maintained, that is, when the osmotic potential adjusted by mannitol is the same as that of seawater, Thraustochytrium cells can grow normally. . This shows that Na + is not necessary for the growth of Thraustochytrids, because Na + is mainly involved in cell metabolism.
This work provided evidence for how bacteria regulated osmosis, and found that Thraustochytrid cells can grow normally in the absence of Na +, proving that the osmotic / swelling pressure of cells can also be regulated and regulated by other means.
The classification of balcony curtains mainly includes the following types:
1. Louver curtains: This type of curtain consists of many horizontal or vertical strip shaped parts that can adjust the entry of light and vision. It has a variety of materials, including wood, plastic, metal, etc., suitable for modern and minimalist decorative styles.
2. Rolling shutter: The operation mode of rolling shutter is to control the lifting and lowering of the curtain through the rolling of the scroll. There are many types of materials for roller blinds, such as fabric, bamboo weaving, plastic, etc., which can be selected according to the decoration style of the balcony.
3. Roman curtain: Roman curtain is a type of curtain that adjusts light by folding it up. Its design is simple and generous, suitable for European or American decorative styles.
4. Fabric curtains: Fabric curtains are the most common type of curtain, with many choices of materials, colors, and patterns to meet different decorative needs.
5. Honeycomb curtains: The structure of honeycomb curtains is like a honeycomb, with good insulation and sound insulation effects, suitable for balconies that require insulation or noise reduction.
6. Electric curtains: Electric curtains can be controlled by remote control or mobile app to switch on and off, suitable for the decorative style of high-tech smart homes.
The above are several common classifications of balcony curtains, which can be selected based on your actual needs and decoration style.
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