2 digital proofing problems.
After the enterprise uses CTP technology, the traditional proofing method can no longer be used, only the digital proofing method is adopted. However, the digital proofing color and the conventional proofing have a certain distance, and the newspaper industry can still accept the situation that the proofing requirement is not high. As for the printing of books and books, some color requirements are high, especially how to deal with some special colors or special requirements for printed matters. This is a problem that needs to be solved. As we all know, the credibility of traditional proofing is very high, because the proofing and making of the plate is the same film, the process is basically the same, so the contents of the manuscript have been guaranteed, such as image, resolution, bleeding, repair Edge and register marks, etc. The CTP outputs color samples to different systems, such as color printers and other digital output devices. In this process, each interpretation of RIP will affect the typesetting format and bring great errors to the final print quality. Unless the RIP problem is solved, the problem of digital proofing will be solved.
One current solution to this problem is: "RIP once, multiple outputs." That is, once a template file is interpreted by a RIP as a vector format or an array of dot meshes, this vector file can be multiple; This removes many repetitive tasks, saves a lot of time, and also ensures sample quality.
Another option is the PDF (Portable File Format) format advocated by Adobe. This format ensures that the file is the same regardless of the device.
3 Imposition Problems As the layout of newspapers is very complex, the composition of each page of titles is ever-changing (including electronic documents, films, papers, etc.). Therefore, imposition software is required to have good adaptability and compatibility.
4 color plate problem.
In the traditional platemaking process, the colored plates of various colors are affixed on the film to the respective block plates during the printing process, or are directly output to the facing film by the facing machine. In the new CTP process, there is no color mark on each color plate output by the plate-making machine, so it must be produced in the RIP or imposition software of the CTP system. Direct plate making simplifies the process, but at the same time it also reduces the chances of people seeing defects and checking mistakes. If they are mistaken, they will make mistakes. Once errors are discovered after finishing the plates, the whole plate must be remade. So it can be said that computer-to-platemaking simplifies the process flow. Improve the accuracy of registration, but Mang mistakes need to re-plate, virtually increase the cost. If you use the film to make mistakes, you can make a collage of the film, but if you use direct plate making, you will inadvertently abandon one version. Careful, careful, and careful attention is required during the direct platemaking operation.
5 color management issues.
The problem of color management in computer-to-platemaking is also very important. There is no unified standard. but. Even with uniform standards. Users who have already adopted color management technology may still use the methods they are used to, and because many printers do not trust color management, their application process will be slow.
2, Economic issues 1 Equipment investment.
At present, the price of CTP equipment is relatively expensive. The general models offer about RMB 2 million, which limits the use and promotion of this technology in small and medium-sized enterprises. However, if the world's equipment and media manufacturing companies want to comprehensively promote the use of CTP technology in various countries, they must consider their prices in the enterprise's ability to bear in terms of technology, materials and other aspects of continuous research and correction to reduce its cost, especially in many worlds. After the famous prepress manufacturing company joins the competition, technology and selling price will be the main focus of competition. Several units in China have already invested in the research and development of CTP technology funds and manpower, and they are expected to achieve localization as soon as possible.
2 Imported plates are expensive.
Plate material is the bottleneck restricting the promotion and application of computer direct plate making. Judging from the current market, the direct plate version is dependent on imports. Its price is 25% to 40% higher than that of the ordinary PS plate. Considering other factors (such as remaking), actually using CTP technology for commercial printing companies, the cost of the plate will be 33% to 60% higher; for businesses engaged in newspaper printing, it is 100% higher. ~150% of new plates that do not require development are more expensive. If the thermal plate can be mass-produced in the future, the price will be cheaper, equivalent to twice the price of the PS plate. Therefore, the localization of the plate will be particularly prominent.
The key to the successful transition from DTP technology to CTP technology is to achieve the key to the transition from DTP to CTP:
1 It is necessary to pay attention to the interface technology with the front-end system, that is, the data exchange technology between the color prepress processing systems, and the improvement of the data and technology of the back-end equipment. For large-capacity files, data exchange speed and data transfer speed are of utmost importance.
2 It requires companies to establish a complete set of new electronic document management systems and improve data preservation and retrieval technologies.
3 The requirements for color management technology and RIP technology are also important. Large-capacity files require RIP's powerful processing capabilities to achieve efficient work efficiency.
4 Have more than two years of experience in using Postscript electronic prepress systems; this experience ensures that prepress technicians are familiar with basic file processing and troubleshooting, and can quickly identify and promptly solve font problems, missing images, and poorly constructed Documents and so on.
5 Adequate print consumption: The CTP system requires a certain amount of funds. A printing plant must consume a certain number of plates to get a corresponding return on investment.
6 High-quality printing plate operations: The printing plant must ensure the continuity of the plate quality.
7 The main work does not exceed 4 colors, and the printed cable is lower than 175 lpi.
8 has 6 to 12 months of digital proofing experience: Digital proofing is the most controversial technology in the CTP workflow.
There is no doubt that the film will be replaced by the CTP workflow. Even though the CTP system uses plates that are more expensive than traditional plates, this can be compensated by increasing output, reducing costs, and increasing efficiency.
After the enterprise uses CTP technology, the traditional proofing method can no longer be used, only the digital proofing method is adopted. However, the digital proofing color and the conventional proofing have a certain distance, and the newspaper industry can still accept the situation that the proofing requirement is not high. As for the printing of books and books, some color requirements are high, especially how to deal with some special colors or special requirements for printed matters. This is a problem that needs to be solved. As we all know, the credibility of traditional proofing is very high, because the proofing and making of the plate is the same film, the process is basically the same, so the contents of the manuscript have been guaranteed, such as image, resolution, bleeding, repair Edge and register marks, etc. The CTP outputs color samples to different systems, such as color printers and other digital output devices. In this process, each interpretation of RIP will affect the typesetting format and bring great errors to the final print quality. Unless the RIP problem is solved, the problem of digital proofing will be solved.
One current solution to this problem is: "RIP once, multiple outputs." That is, once a template file is interpreted by a RIP as a vector format or an array of dot meshes, this vector file can be multiple; This removes many repetitive tasks, saves a lot of time, and also ensures sample quality.
Another option is the PDF (Portable File Format) format advocated by Adobe. This format ensures that the file is the same regardless of the device.
3 Imposition Problems As the layout of newspapers is very complex, the composition of each page of titles is ever-changing (including electronic documents, films, papers, etc.). Therefore, imposition software is required to have good adaptability and compatibility.
4 color plate problem.
In the traditional platemaking process, the colored plates of various colors are affixed on the film to the respective block plates during the printing process, or are directly output to the facing film by the facing machine. In the new CTP process, there is no color mark on each color plate output by the plate-making machine, so it must be produced in the RIP or imposition software of the CTP system. Direct plate making simplifies the process, but at the same time it also reduces the chances of people seeing defects and checking mistakes. If they are mistaken, they will make mistakes. Once errors are discovered after finishing the plates, the whole plate must be remade. So it can be said that computer-to-platemaking simplifies the process flow. Improve the accuracy of registration, but Mang mistakes need to re-plate, virtually increase the cost. If you use the film to make mistakes, you can make a collage of the film, but if you use direct plate making, you will inadvertently abandon one version. Careful, careful, and careful attention is required during the direct platemaking operation.
5 color management issues.
The problem of color management in computer-to-platemaking is also very important. There is no unified standard. but. Even with uniform standards. Users who have already adopted color management technology may still use the methods they are used to, and because many printers do not trust color management, their application process will be slow.
2, Economic issues 1 Equipment investment.
At present, the price of CTP equipment is relatively expensive. The general models offer about RMB 2 million, which limits the use and promotion of this technology in small and medium-sized enterprises. However, if the world's equipment and media manufacturing companies want to comprehensively promote the use of CTP technology in various countries, they must consider their prices in the enterprise's ability to bear in terms of technology, materials and other aspects of continuous research and correction to reduce its cost, especially in many worlds. After the famous prepress manufacturing company joins the competition, technology and selling price will be the main focus of competition. Several units in China have already invested in the research and development of CTP technology funds and manpower, and they are expected to achieve localization as soon as possible.
2 Imported plates are expensive.
Plate material is the bottleneck restricting the promotion and application of computer direct plate making. Judging from the current market, the direct plate version is dependent on imports. Its price is 25% to 40% higher than that of the ordinary PS plate. Considering other factors (such as remaking), actually using CTP technology for commercial printing companies, the cost of the plate will be 33% to 60% higher; for businesses engaged in newspaper printing, it is 100% higher. ~150% of new plates that do not require development are more expensive. If the thermal plate can be mass-produced in the future, the price will be cheaper, equivalent to twice the price of the PS plate. Therefore, the localization of the plate will be particularly prominent.
The key to the successful transition from DTP technology to CTP technology is to achieve the key to the transition from DTP to CTP:
1 It is necessary to pay attention to the interface technology with the front-end system, that is, the data exchange technology between the color prepress processing systems, and the improvement of the data and technology of the back-end equipment. For large-capacity files, data exchange speed and data transfer speed are of utmost importance.
2 It requires companies to establish a complete set of new electronic document management systems and improve data preservation and retrieval technologies.
3 The requirements for color management technology and RIP technology are also important. Large-capacity files require RIP's powerful processing capabilities to achieve efficient work efficiency.
4 Have more than two years of experience in using Postscript electronic prepress systems; this experience ensures that prepress technicians are familiar with basic file processing and troubleshooting, and can quickly identify and promptly solve font problems, missing images, and poorly constructed Documents and so on.
5 Adequate print consumption: The CTP system requires a certain amount of funds. A printing plant must consume a certain number of plates to get a corresponding return on investment.
6 High-quality printing plate operations: The printing plant must ensure the continuity of the plate quality.
7 The main work does not exceed 4 colors, and the printed cable is lower than 175 lpi.
8 has 6 to 12 months of digital proofing experience: Digital proofing is the most controversial technology in the CTP workflow.
There is no doubt that the film will be replaced by the CTP workflow. Even though the CTP system uses plates that are more expensive than traditional plates, this can be compensated by increasing output, reducing costs, and increasing efficiency.
Functions of eye black
1. It has the effect of lengthening eyelashes and enlarging eyes.
2. It can bring curling and supporting force to eyelashes.
3. It can improve the support of eyelashes, and the shape of eyelashes is curved. Especially when we blink and close our eyes, these two layers of eyelashes like small fans can prevent the upper eyeliner from contacting the oil of the lower eyelid and faint, so it is necessary to curl the eyelashes before brushing them.
Misuse of eye black
1. Apply eye black more than 3 times. It is enough to apply eye black twice. If you don't want your eyelashes to form a ball, generally speaking, you can get the best effect by applying it twice.
2. Insert and pull the eyelash brush. It is easy to harden mascara, because air is mixed in the process. Eyelashes are easy to coalesce, and the floating powder is serious.
3. Start applying eye black from the middle of your lashes. When you apply eye black, you must start from the root. eye black is not used for a long time, and it will dissolve when you apply it, so the application method is likely to be wrong. The possibility is as high as 99%. Generally, the curly eye black with larger mascara brush is used.
4. At first, eye black was too thick. Sweep up gently, and then emphasize the wavy feeling when smearing according to personal conditions. Too much mascara at a time is easy to get dirty, because the eyelash state has not been adjusted to the best.
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