3. Basic characteristics of a new generation CAM system (1) Object-oriented, process-oriented CAM system The architecture of the traditional CAM-distribution surface will be changed to a structural system that is oriented to the overall model (entity) and process-oriented features. The system will be able to automatically identify and extract all process features and areas with specific process features in accordance with the process requirements (CAPP requirements), making CAD/CAPP/CAM integration, integration, automation, and intelligence possible.
(2) Intelligent CAM system based on knowledge A new generation of CAM system not only inherits and intelligently judges process features, but also has model comparison and residual model analysis and judgment functions, making the tool path more optimized and more efficient. At the same time, the overall model-oriented form also has the functions of over-cutting and collision prevention for workpieces including fixtures, improving the safety of operation, meeting the high-speed processing requirements, and opening up the associated process libraries, knowledge bases, and material libraries. With tool magazines, it is possible to accumulate, learn and apply process knowledge.
(3) The CAM system, which can be operated independently, is functionally separated from the CAD system and integrated in the network environment. This requires that the CAM system must have a considerable level of intelligence. CAM system does not need to use CAD function, according to the process specification file automatic programming, greatly reduces the requirements for the operator, but also make the programming process more in line with the requirements of CNC machining engineering.
(4) Making correlation programming a feature of the CAD field, such as size-related, parametric design, and modification flexibility, is naturally expected to be extended to CAM systems. According to the author's observations, there are two different ideas in this direction. Take Delcam's PowerMILL and WorkNC as representatives, and adopt process-oriented processing methods. The system automates CAM programming by extracting process features. When the model changes, as long as the original process route is recalculated, the CAM is automatically modified. Re-judgment of the process features and process areas is automatically performed by the computer and fully automated, making correlation programming possible. At present, mature products have been put on the market and accepted by the mold and die industry in developed countries such as North America and Europe. According to another report, some companies have tried to directly introduce the concept of parameterization into CAM, allegedly using the same database to solve parametric programming problems.
According to the author's understanding, no successful application examples and related reports have been found so far. From a technical point of view, the author believes that the parametric design of the entity is a special concept under finite parameters. CAM is based on the process requirements of the model of discrete processing, with unlimited (or uncertain) parameters of the characteristics. Therefore, it has completely different characteristics from parametric CAD. Just as the concept of parameterization has not been successfully extended to curved CAD, the parametrization of CAM will face enormous difficulties. According to the engineering concept of machining, CAMs are not based on geometric features but should be treated as process features. There is no inevitable and unique correlation between geometric features and process features. When the geometric parameters change, there is no correlation between the changes of process features and there is a possibility that some process features disappear or new process features are generated. Therefore, in order to realize parametric CAM, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the correlation between geometric parameters and process characteristics, and to come up with the exact ones, and only after the correlation is established. Therefore, as far as the practicality of the system and the possibility of success, the author is more inclined to the former in terms of technology. Perhaps both will share the same goal. We will always pay close attention to and earnestly hope that the latter can make breakthroughs in technology and enable CAM technology to achieve a qualitative leap in the parametric path.
(5) Provide more convenient process management methods CAM process management is a crucial part of CNC production and an important part of PDM. The process management tree structure of the new generation CAM system provides the conditions for process management and real-time modification. The more advanced CAM system already has a CAPP development environment or an editable process template. The process can be designed by experienced technicians. The CAM system can be batch processed automatically according to the process specification. In addition, a new generation of CAM system should be able to automatically generate graphic guidance documents, and can browse the web in hypertext format.
4. A new generation of CAM technology has a positive impact on production and management methods. The new generation of CAM systems takes CAM's intelligence, automation, and specialization to a new level and meets the specific requirements of existing production and management more quickly. The introduction of means will also bring about corresponding changes in management methods, making the production process more standardized and more reasonable. The new generation of CAM system integrates with the CAD system under the network, making full use of CAD geometric information, and can also divide the work according to specialization and rationally arrange the distribution of the system in space. Reducing the comprehensive requirements of personnel and raising the requirements for specialization will cause changes in the composition of the operators. At the same time, due to the improvement of professionalism, intelligence, and automation of the CAM system, it will lead to machine-side programming (Shop Programming). The rise of CAM changed the CAM programming and processing personnel and the scene separation.
After many years of technological accumulation, CAM has matured in terms of market demand, theoretical basis, and peripheral technology. We have reason to believe that the next few years will be the fiery era of CAM technology innovation. As an application terminal technology, the CAM market will be a group of players and a variety of systems will coexist, and the CAM market will never have an overlord. The future development and trend of CAM can only be determined by market demand. What is certain is that the development of CAM must be in the direction of networking and professional integration. It must be in the direction of convenience, speed, intelligence, and automation. (Finish)
(2) Intelligent CAM system based on knowledge A new generation of CAM system not only inherits and intelligently judges process features, but also has model comparison and residual model analysis and judgment functions, making the tool path more optimized and more efficient. At the same time, the overall model-oriented form also has the functions of over-cutting and collision prevention for workpieces including fixtures, improving the safety of operation, meeting the high-speed processing requirements, and opening up the associated process libraries, knowledge bases, and material libraries. With tool magazines, it is possible to accumulate, learn and apply process knowledge.
(3) The CAM system, which can be operated independently, is functionally separated from the CAD system and integrated in the network environment. This requires that the CAM system must have a considerable level of intelligence. CAM system does not need to use CAD function, according to the process specification file automatic programming, greatly reduces the requirements for the operator, but also make the programming process more in line with the requirements of CNC machining engineering.
(4) Making correlation programming a feature of the CAD field, such as size-related, parametric design, and modification flexibility, is naturally expected to be extended to CAM systems. According to the author's observations, there are two different ideas in this direction. Take Delcam's PowerMILL and WorkNC as representatives, and adopt process-oriented processing methods. The system automates CAM programming by extracting process features. When the model changes, as long as the original process route is recalculated, the CAM is automatically modified. Re-judgment of the process features and process areas is automatically performed by the computer and fully automated, making correlation programming possible. At present, mature products have been put on the market and accepted by the mold and die industry in developed countries such as North America and Europe. According to another report, some companies have tried to directly introduce the concept of parameterization into CAM, allegedly using the same database to solve parametric programming problems.
According to the author's understanding, no successful application examples and related reports have been found so far. From a technical point of view, the author believes that the parametric design of the entity is a special concept under finite parameters. CAM is based on the process requirements of the model of discrete processing, with unlimited (or uncertain) parameters of the characteristics. Therefore, it has completely different characteristics from parametric CAD. Just as the concept of parameterization has not been successfully extended to curved CAD, the parametrization of CAM will face enormous difficulties. According to the engineering concept of machining, CAMs are not based on geometric features but should be treated as process features. There is no inevitable and unique correlation between geometric features and process features. When the geometric parameters change, there is no correlation between the changes of process features and there is a possibility that some process features disappear or new process features are generated. Therefore, in order to realize parametric CAM, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the correlation between geometric parameters and process characteristics, and to come up with the exact ones, and only after the correlation is established. Therefore, as far as the practicality of the system and the possibility of success, the author is more inclined to the former in terms of technology. Perhaps both will share the same goal. We will always pay close attention to and earnestly hope that the latter can make breakthroughs in technology and enable CAM technology to achieve a qualitative leap in the parametric path.
(5) Provide more convenient process management methods CAM process management is a crucial part of CNC production and an important part of PDM. The process management tree structure of the new generation CAM system provides the conditions for process management and real-time modification. The more advanced CAM system already has a CAPP development environment or an editable process template. The process can be designed by experienced technicians. The CAM system can be batch processed automatically according to the process specification. In addition, a new generation of CAM system should be able to automatically generate graphic guidance documents, and can browse the web in hypertext format.
4. A new generation of CAM technology has a positive impact on production and management methods. The new generation of CAM systems takes CAM's intelligence, automation, and specialization to a new level and meets the specific requirements of existing production and management more quickly. The introduction of means will also bring about corresponding changes in management methods, making the production process more standardized and more reasonable. The new generation of CAM system integrates with the CAD system under the network, making full use of CAD geometric information, and can also divide the work according to specialization and rationally arrange the distribution of the system in space. Reducing the comprehensive requirements of personnel and raising the requirements for specialization will cause changes in the composition of the operators. At the same time, due to the improvement of professionalism, intelligence, and automation of the CAM system, it will lead to machine-side programming (Shop Programming). The rise of CAM changed the CAM programming and processing personnel and the scene separation.
After many years of technological accumulation, CAM has matured in terms of market demand, theoretical basis, and peripheral technology. We have reason to believe that the next few years will be the fiery era of CAM technology innovation. As an application terminal technology, the CAM market will be a group of players and a variety of systems will coexist, and the CAM market will never have an overlord. The future development and trend of CAM can only be determined by market demand. What is certain is that the development of CAM must be in the direction of networking and professional integration. It must be in the direction of convenience, speed, intelligence, and automation. (Finish)
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