Counterfeiting has existed since ancient times, and security is as old as human civilization. The use of fingerprint anti-counterfeiting is probably the oldest anti-counterfeiting method. It has not only been used since ancient times, but it has also been combined with modern computer identification technology and has achieved unprecedented wide-spread applications. It can be said to be new and brilliant. Many anti-counterfeiting methods borrowed the results of printing technology and played an important role in anti-counterfeiting. In recent years, with the research and development, production and sales of anti-counterfeiting printing technology in China, and the continuous increase in the annual output value of anti-counterfeit products, a number of scientific fields related to anti-counterfeit printing technology, such as optics and chemistry, have been formed. Electromagnetics, computer technology, spectroscopy, printing technology, pattern code technology, etc. Among them, anti-counterfeiting ink technology occupies a very important position and has an irreplaceable role. China's anti-counterfeiting printing technology focuses on research, development and application in various securities, commodity trademarks and other fields, mainly in the following six aspects.
Paper security paper is the basis of various printing materials, and some special papers manufactured using special techniques basically have security features. The anti-counterfeiting technologies used in special papers are:
1. As a new development in the field of anti-counterfeiting technology, security paper anti-counterfeit paper has several advantages in terms of its superiority:
First, it is the direct use of holograms on paper to remove the plastic information layer, so there is little chance of being copied;
Secondly, the pattern on this security paper can be designed and made according to the requirements of the merchants. It can produce different textures and different weights of paper, such as art paper, paperboard, and paperboard, and it can also be like plain paper. Offset printing, screen printing, etc. are both reliable and convenient;
Third, the price of this security paper is only slightly more expensive than ordinary composite gold and silver cardboard. It is equivalent to one-tenth of the price of holographic and anti-counterfeiting labels, and eliminates the need for labeling labor costs, and is easily accepted by merchants.
Fourth, products that are packaged directly with this kind of laser anti-counterfeiting paper can not only have anti-counterfeiting effect, but also be very beautiful;
Fifth, with the progress of human civilization and the development of social economy, "green" and "environmental protection" have gradually become the common voice of the world. The holographic paper can be weathered in the soil after being discarded, and will not cause environmental pollution. Therefore, in today's green environmental protection, anti-counterfeit paper will gradually replace the laser holographic products containing plastic film.
2. Various kinds of watermark paper tickets are also printed using watermark paper. For example, watermarks such as "Tiananmen" and "Mao's" were produced in large-value RMB paper in China. Watermarks have also been widely used in other ticket papers. The position of the watermark in the paper is fixed, unfixed, and semi-fixed.
The watermark paper production process was invented by Italian papermaking experts in the 13th century. Because it integrates the complex processes of design, engraving, web making, and papermaking in the manufacturing process, it often makes counterfeiters useless.
Checking the watermark is also one of the most effective means to identify true and false. Of course, it is not economical to use watermark anti-counterfeiting on a large number of packaging and packaging equipment. An ink is developed using special materials, and the imitation watermark is printed on ordinary copperplate paper, which is very similar to the watermark effect.
3. Safety Line Safety Line means that a metal wire or plastic wire is placed in the middle of the paper during the papermaking process. The earliest use of the security line was special gold wire. Now plastic wire has been used and it has been developed into various kinds, such as miniature letter security wire and fluorescent security wire. The shape of the security line is divided into straight lines, wavy shapes, zigzag shapes, etc. China has adopted straight-line security lines in currency paper.
In recent years, with the rapid development of high technology, papermaking technology has also made significant progress in merging other technologies. The paper varieties are dazzling. For example, it is possible to reflect a variety of colors of business card paper and pearl paper under different lighting conditions. Laser iris paper, gold foil paper and silver foil paper formed by combining metal and paper, and embossed paper and refraction paper formed by reprocessing. If they can reasonably use their performance and characteristics, and control the purchase channels to make it an anti-counterfeiting printing paper, the effect and force generated cannot be underestimated.
Printing Technology With the development of high technology and people's requirements for high-quality packaging prints, the packaging and printing industry has begun a wide range of technological revolutions in recent years. Multiple printing equipments are used together, and a variety of printing technologies penetrate each other, making printing products more changeable. Measurement, rich and colorful. The products printed with these new technologies have created obstacles and resistance for the falsification of the products.
1. Plano-convex printing and multi-process printing General high-end packaging and decoration printed matter design has a large area of ​​color, multi-color sequence of continuous tone screen and complex lines, patterns, etc., to bring a certain degree of difficulty to the printing. If a plano-convex printing is used, a large-area solid color block is printed by the pressure of the letterpress printing machine and the ink is evenly distributed, and the four-color continuous-comforting complex line portion is printed by using the advantages of the pressure and flexibility of the offset printing machine, so that the advantages are avoided and the effect is avoided. It is very obvious. For some of the more demanding and more complex printing products, it is also possible to use hand, convex, concave, peace, convexity, concave, leaky and other multi-process printing. In short, the more complex the printing process and the greater the difficulty of printing, the better the anti-counterfeiting effect.
2. Multi-color serial printing Multi-color serial printing, also known as cross-color printing, is generally printed by a letterpress printing machine. It is based on the requirements of the printing product. After the separator is placed in the ink tank, a plurality of colors are put in different compartments. Ink. Under the string action of the skein roller, the adjacent ink is mixed and transmitted to the plate. With this printing process, multiple colors can be printed at one time and the middle transition is soft. Since it is difficult to see the distance of the ink tank partition from the print, it can also play a certain anti-counterfeiting effect. If such a process is applied to large-area shading printing, its anti-counterfeiting effect will be more prominent.
3. Gravure printing technology means that the graphic part of the printing plate is raised, and the ink printed on it is also convex, and the graphic lines are clear and distinct, and the touch can feel it. This printing technology has both protective and anti-counterfeiting properties for paper. Gravure printing is often used for important securities. The types of gravure printing are divided into two categories according to the platemaking method: engraving gravure (hand-engraved gravure, mechanical engraving gravure), and etching gravure. Hand-engraved gravure printing has better anti-counterfeiting effect. Combined with security ink technology. Some printing anti-counterfeiting inks have larger pigment particles and require thicker ink layers, and the gravure printing has a stronger texture. The combination of the two will result in double anti-counterfeiting and decoration effects.
1 Hand-engraved version imprinting Most of the packaging and decorating prints require the highlighting of key product names and patterns. These graphic highlights are mostly made by chemical etching, and are printed on the machine with a gypsum intaglio. Although this method has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, short cycle, etc., but after the embossing bump effect is not good, does not have anti-counterfeiting effect. Therefore, at present, there are many printing plants using engraving engraving process manual engraving version need to use a good texture of copper plate material, relying on handicraftsman carving craftsman will require the user's graphics (mainly patterns) carved with a carving knife level, generally can Carving out 3-4 levels. In particular, it should be pointed out that the chemical etching method can only make one level, and the corner part of the corner can not be made like a certain degree of curvature by hand to increase the embossing effect and prevent the paper from cracking. Since the craftsman's skill is not grasped within a short time, and different engravers have different carving styles, even the same engraver can't draw two identical templates. Therefore, it is stamped with such a template. Packaging printed products not only has good embossing effect and rich layers, but also has a strong anti-counterfeiting effect.
2 Special glossy printing Special glossy printing is a new type of printing technology that is more popular in the packaging printing industry in recent years. Special glossy printing processes currently include metal luster printing, pearl printing, pearl luster printing, refractive printing, variable gloss printing, laser holographic iris printing, crystal luster printing, imitation metal etching printing and matte printing. Among them, metal luster printing uses aluminum foil metal composite paper to form a special metallic luster effect on the printed material with a relatively transparent ink.
Pearlescent printing is the first printing of silver paste on the surface of the print, and then printed with a very transparent ink, the silver glitter body reflects a pearl effect through the ink layer pearl luster printing is the use of ink mixed with mica particles to print, so that printing A glossy effect similar to pearls and shellfish.
Refractive printing is the unique effect of using a refraction plate to imprint a picture on a printed article with a certain pressure to produce light refraction.
Matte printing uses matte ink printing or ordinary ink printing and then covers the matting film, which can produce the weak luster feature of the enamel, so it also has a relatively safe anti-counterfeiting effect.
Anti-counterfeiting ink The so-called anti-counterfeiting ink is a special printing ink that is made by adding specially-designed anti-counterfeiting materials to the ink binder material and special art processing. The anti-counterfeit inks currently developed and applied in China can be divided into 10 categories and are separately elaborated. Anti-counterfeit inks have obvious anti-counterfeiting effects on tickets, product trademarks and packaging. This type of anti-counterfeiting technology is characterized by simple implementation, low cost, good concealment, bright colors, easy inspection (even hand-warming color change), and strong reproducibility. It is the preferred anti-counterfeiting technology for bills, tickets and trademarks in various countries. Printing inks for printing inks are made of pigment, fillers, and binders. The selection of ingredients for pigments is an important factor in determining the hue and vividness of printed products. Ink toning is a very complex problem. The chroma, brightness difference, and some intrinsic colors of some organic and inorganic pigments in the natural world cannot be achieved by artificial synthesis. The same type of ink produced by different ink factories varies in color from batch to batch. Therefore, some manufacturers of large-scale packaging and decorating products use their own products to print at large-scale and more technologically advanced printing companies. At the same time, they have customized special inks for printing of each product in the ink factory. The ink factory is responsible for confidentiality.
2. Daylight excitation change color anti-counterfeiting ink Daylight excitation color change security ink is in the sun can emit visible light (400nm-800nm) anti-counterfeit printing ink. The ink is discolored on the surface due to the action of the sun, and is also substantially discolored by ultraviolet rays. At present, several kinds of such inks that have been developed and applied on the Chinese market can undergo color change under sunlight (also under ultraviolet light), and can change from colorless to purple, blue, yellow, and other colors, and can also be counted as colored. Colorless change is a rookie in security materials.
3. Thermal security ink (also known as thermochromic security ink)
Under the effect of heating, the ink can change color effect. According to the different temperature required for discoloration, it can be divided into temperature-type discoloration security inks and high-temperature discoloration security inks. Hand-type color change security ink refers to the 34-36 °C temperature can occur in the color effect of the ink. According to the difference in color change, it can be divided into single color reversible, multi-color irreversible and multi-color irreversible thermal ink. At present, China has developed five kinds of hand-temperature single-color reversible ink, color change methods are: rose red becomes colorless, purple becomes colorless, blue becomes colorless, green becomes colorless, orange red light color, can also be designed For the color to become a variety of other colors; high-temperature single color reversible security ink discoloration methods have pink to blue, yellow red, red and black and so on. Thermochromic substances can be classified into inorganic salts, coordination compounds, organic substances (dye molecules) and liquid crystal polymers.
4. Reactive color-changing ink Various chemical substances added to the ink can produce various chemical reactions under certain conditions, so that the ink can change colors and achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes. Part of the heat-sensitive anti-counterfeiting inks, pressure-sensitive color-changing inks, and humidity-sensitive color changes are all color-changing inks. In addition to the use of acid-base indicator added to the ink, after printing the logo, in the presence of a color change agent can make the color of the ink change; to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes.
5. Magnetic ink This is a special ink made by mixing magnetic iron oxide powder into ink. At this stage, it is mainly used to print magnetically encoded letters and symbols of bank tickets, which has the effect of recording and storing information. A magnetically encoded ticket can be inserted into a magnetic code reader to identify authenticity. Appropriate use of it in the packaging and decoration, there is a strong, more secure security.
6. LCD ink
Paper security paper is the basis of various printing materials, and some special papers manufactured using special techniques basically have security features. The anti-counterfeiting technologies used in special papers are:
1. As a new development in the field of anti-counterfeiting technology, security paper anti-counterfeit paper has several advantages in terms of its superiority:
First, it is the direct use of holograms on paper to remove the plastic information layer, so there is little chance of being copied;
Secondly, the pattern on this security paper can be designed and made according to the requirements of the merchants. It can produce different textures and different weights of paper, such as art paper, paperboard, and paperboard, and it can also be like plain paper. Offset printing, screen printing, etc. are both reliable and convenient;
Third, the price of this security paper is only slightly more expensive than ordinary composite gold and silver cardboard. It is equivalent to one-tenth of the price of holographic and anti-counterfeiting labels, and eliminates the need for labeling labor costs, and is easily accepted by merchants.
Fourth, products that are packaged directly with this kind of laser anti-counterfeiting paper can not only have anti-counterfeiting effect, but also be very beautiful;
Fifth, with the progress of human civilization and the development of social economy, "green" and "environmental protection" have gradually become the common voice of the world. The holographic paper can be weathered in the soil after being discarded, and will not cause environmental pollution. Therefore, in today's green environmental protection, anti-counterfeit paper will gradually replace the laser holographic products containing plastic film.
2. Various kinds of watermark paper tickets are also printed using watermark paper. For example, watermarks such as "Tiananmen" and "Mao's" were produced in large-value RMB paper in China. Watermarks have also been widely used in other ticket papers. The position of the watermark in the paper is fixed, unfixed, and semi-fixed.
The watermark paper production process was invented by Italian papermaking experts in the 13th century. Because it integrates the complex processes of design, engraving, web making, and papermaking in the manufacturing process, it often makes counterfeiters useless.
Checking the watermark is also one of the most effective means to identify true and false. Of course, it is not economical to use watermark anti-counterfeiting on a large number of packaging and packaging equipment. An ink is developed using special materials, and the imitation watermark is printed on ordinary copperplate paper, which is very similar to the watermark effect.
3. Safety Line Safety Line means that a metal wire or plastic wire is placed in the middle of the paper during the papermaking process. The earliest use of the security line was special gold wire. Now plastic wire has been used and it has been developed into various kinds, such as miniature letter security wire and fluorescent security wire. The shape of the security line is divided into straight lines, wavy shapes, zigzag shapes, etc. China has adopted straight-line security lines in currency paper.
In recent years, with the rapid development of high technology, papermaking technology has also made significant progress in merging other technologies. The paper varieties are dazzling. For example, it is possible to reflect a variety of colors of business card paper and pearl paper under different lighting conditions. Laser iris paper, gold foil paper and silver foil paper formed by combining metal and paper, and embossed paper and refraction paper formed by reprocessing. If they can reasonably use their performance and characteristics, and control the purchase channels to make it an anti-counterfeiting printing paper, the effect and force generated cannot be underestimated.
Printing Technology With the development of high technology and people's requirements for high-quality packaging prints, the packaging and printing industry has begun a wide range of technological revolutions in recent years. Multiple printing equipments are used together, and a variety of printing technologies penetrate each other, making printing products more changeable. Measurement, rich and colorful. The products printed with these new technologies have created obstacles and resistance for the falsification of the products.
1. Plano-convex printing and multi-process printing General high-end packaging and decoration printed matter design has a large area of ​​color, multi-color sequence of continuous tone screen and complex lines, patterns, etc., to bring a certain degree of difficulty to the printing. If a plano-convex printing is used, a large-area solid color block is printed by the pressure of the letterpress printing machine and the ink is evenly distributed, and the four-color continuous-comforting complex line portion is printed by using the advantages of the pressure and flexibility of the offset printing machine, so that the advantages are avoided and the effect is avoided. It is very obvious. For some of the more demanding and more complex printing products, it is also possible to use hand, convex, concave, peace, convexity, concave, leaky and other multi-process printing. In short, the more complex the printing process and the greater the difficulty of printing, the better the anti-counterfeiting effect.
2. Multi-color serial printing Multi-color serial printing, also known as cross-color printing, is generally printed by a letterpress printing machine. It is based on the requirements of the printing product. After the separator is placed in the ink tank, a plurality of colors are put in different compartments. Ink. Under the string action of the skein roller, the adjacent ink is mixed and transmitted to the plate. With this printing process, multiple colors can be printed at one time and the middle transition is soft. Since it is difficult to see the distance of the ink tank partition from the print, it can also play a certain anti-counterfeiting effect. If such a process is applied to large-area shading printing, its anti-counterfeiting effect will be more prominent.
3. Gravure printing technology means that the graphic part of the printing plate is raised, and the ink printed on it is also convex, and the graphic lines are clear and distinct, and the touch can feel it. This printing technology has both protective and anti-counterfeiting properties for paper. Gravure printing is often used for important securities. The types of gravure printing are divided into two categories according to the platemaking method: engraving gravure (hand-engraved gravure, mechanical engraving gravure), and etching gravure. Hand-engraved gravure printing has better anti-counterfeiting effect. Combined with security ink technology. Some printing anti-counterfeiting inks have larger pigment particles and require thicker ink layers, and the gravure printing has a stronger texture. The combination of the two will result in double anti-counterfeiting and decoration effects.
1 Hand-engraved version imprinting Most of the packaging and decorating prints require the highlighting of key product names and patterns. These graphic highlights are mostly made by chemical etching, and are printed on the machine with a gypsum intaglio. Although this method has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, short cycle, etc., but after the embossing bump effect is not good, does not have anti-counterfeiting effect. Therefore, at present, there are many printing plants using engraving engraving process manual engraving version need to use a good texture of copper plate material, relying on handicraftsman carving craftsman will require the user's graphics (mainly patterns) carved with a carving knife level, generally can Carving out 3-4 levels. In particular, it should be pointed out that the chemical etching method can only make one level, and the corner part of the corner can not be made like a certain degree of curvature by hand to increase the embossing effect and prevent the paper from cracking. Since the craftsman's skill is not grasped within a short time, and different engravers have different carving styles, even the same engraver can't draw two identical templates. Therefore, it is stamped with such a template. Packaging printed products not only has good embossing effect and rich layers, but also has a strong anti-counterfeiting effect.
2 Special glossy printing Special glossy printing is a new type of printing technology that is more popular in the packaging printing industry in recent years. Special glossy printing processes currently include metal luster printing, pearl printing, pearl luster printing, refractive printing, variable gloss printing, laser holographic iris printing, crystal luster printing, imitation metal etching printing and matte printing. Among them, metal luster printing uses aluminum foil metal composite paper to form a special metallic luster effect on the printed material with a relatively transparent ink.
Pearlescent printing is the first printing of silver paste on the surface of the print, and then printed with a very transparent ink, the silver glitter body reflects a pearl effect through the ink layer pearl luster printing is the use of ink mixed with mica particles to print, so that printing A glossy effect similar to pearls and shellfish.
Refractive printing is the unique effect of using a refraction plate to imprint a picture on a printed article with a certain pressure to produce light refraction.
Matte printing uses matte ink printing or ordinary ink printing and then covers the matting film, which can produce the weak luster feature of the enamel, so it also has a relatively safe anti-counterfeiting effect.
Anti-counterfeiting ink The so-called anti-counterfeiting ink is a special printing ink that is made by adding specially-designed anti-counterfeiting materials to the ink binder material and special art processing. The anti-counterfeit inks currently developed and applied in China can be divided into 10 categories and are separately elaborated. Anti-counterfeit inks have obvious anti-counterfeiting effects on tickets, product trademarks and packaging. This type of anti-counterfeiting technology is characterized by simple implementation, low cost, good concealment, bright colors, easy inspection (even hand-warming color change), and strong reproducibility. It is the preferred anti-counterfeiting technology for bills, tickets and trademarks in various countries. Printing inks for printing inks are made of pigment, fillers, and binders. The selection of ingredients for pigments is an important factor in determining the hue and vividness of printed products. Ink toning is a very complex problem. The chroma, brightness difference, and some intrinsic colors of some organic and inorganic pigments in the natural world cannot be achieved by artificial synthesis. The same type of ink produced by different ink factories varies in color from batch to batch. Therefore, some manufacturers of large-scale packaging and decorating products use their own products to print at large-scale and more technologically advanced printing companies. At the same time, they have customized special inks for printing of each product in the ink factory. The ink factory is responsible for confidentiality.
2. Daylight excitation change color anti-counterfeiting ink Daylight excitation color change security ink is in the sun can emit visible light (400nm-800nm) anti-counterfeit printing ink. The ink is discolored on the surface due to the action of the sun, and is also substantially discolored by ultraviolet rays. At present, several kinds of such inks that have been developed and applied on the Chinese market can undergo color change under sunlight (also under ultraviolet light), and can change from colorless to purple, blue, yellow, and other colors, and can also be counted as colored. Colorless change is a rookie in security materials.
3. Thermal security ink (also known as thermochromic security ink)
Under the effect of heating, the ink can change color effect. According to the different temperature required for discoloration, it can be divided into temperature-type discoloration security inks and high-temperature discoloration security inks. Hand-type color change security ink refers to the 34-36 °C temperature can occur in the color effect of the ink. According to the difference in color change, it can be divided into single color reversible, multi-color irreversible and multi-color irreversible thermal ink. At present, China has developed five kinds of hand-temperature single-color reversible ink, color change methods are: rose red becomes colorless, purple becomes colorless, blue becomes colorless, green becomes colorless, orange red light color, can also be designed For the color to become a variety of other colors; high-temperature single color reversible security ink discoloration methods have pink to blue, yellow red, red and black and so on. Thermochromic substances can be classified into inorganic salts, coordination compounds, organic substances (dye molecules) and liquid crystal polymers.
4. Reactive color-changing ink Various chemical substances added to the ink can produce various chemical reactions under certain conditions, so that the ink can change colors and achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes. Part of the heat-sensitive anti-counterfeiting inks, pressure-sensitive color-changing inks, and humidity-sensitive color changes are all color-changing inks. In addition to the use of acid-base indicator added to the ink, after printing the logo, in the presence of a color change agent can make the color of the ink change; to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes.
5. Magnetic ink This is a special ink made by mixing magnetic iron oxide powder into ink. At this stage, it is mainly used to print magnetically encoded letters and symbols of bank tickets, which has the effect of recording and storing information. A magnetically encoded ticket can be inserted into a magnetic code reader to identify authenticity. Appropriate use of it in the packaging and decoration, there is a strong, more secure security.
6. LCD ink
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